阅读理解是英语考试的重头戏，分值高、题量大，让很多同学感到头疼。要想掌握阅读理解，不仅需要日常广泛的阅读和积累，还需要掌握解题步骤和技巧。

今天，翼课融媒将为大家介绍做阅读理解题型的三大步骤，结合最新的中考真题介绍五点实用技巧，老师转发起来，帮助学生更好地理解与应用~

01

看问题，标记要点

拿到阅读理解题时，同学们应先关注题干的问题，它能帮助你在阅读文章时快速锁定关键信息，标记出问题中的关键词：人名、地点、时间或特定的疑问词，如“why”、“how”等，这些通常指向文章中的关键细节或主旨。

02

读原文，定位信息

根据问题中标记的关键信息，快速浏览全文， 明确每段讲述的主要内容，定位关键信息的具体位置。要特别注意文章的这几个部分：

① 文章的标题；

② 文章的首句或引导性段落；

③ 文章尾部的结论性词语；

④ 反映段落中心思想的主题句。

对于生词，只要不妨碍理解主要内容，可暂时放下不管。面对长难句，可以通过分析句子的主谓宾结构，理解句子的主要意思，忽略其他非关键信息。

03

析选项，抉择答案

这一步的目的在于解题，要关注问题问的是什么，问什么答什么，根据找到的精确信息为依据，选择最匹配的答案即可。每道题都要把四个选项进行对比，答案没有对的，只有更好的。

选择答案时需要客观，判断选项时所有的判断依据都应该来自原文，不要加入自己的想法和判断，原文说什么就是什么。

01 归纳概括题

此题型要求考生在理解全文后，归纳短文大意，概括中心思想，或选择短文标题，这些问题的答案大都隐藏在文章中。

解答这类题型时要重点关注文章的首两段，首两段表达的主旨一致，找出选项中与首两段主旨表达重合度最高的即可；表达的主旨不一致，则需要根据文章的段落结构来判断主旨段再去选择。

标题选择是主旨句的压缩表达，同学们要注意抓住主旨句，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，去考虑最合适的选项。

常见的设问有：

①主旨句设问：What is the main idea of this passage?

What does the passage maily talk about?

②最佳标题选择：The best title for this passage is ……

③作者主旨意图：What does the writer want to tell us?

2024江西中考真题

The Maori have gone through hard times. Today they live a comfortable, modern life. They keep their cultural traditions alive, because they have passed and are passing them on to their children.

What's the theme of the passage?

A.Art B.Culture C.Travel D.Technology

笞案：B

解祈：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了毛利人从古到今的发展历程以及他们是如何保持和传承自己的文化，与文化

相关故选 B。

02 词义猜测题

词义猜测题要求考生根据上下文，构词法等猜测某个生词的词义或者对某个词语在特定语境中的意义进行猜测。该题旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇的能力，因此，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围。

常见形式有：

①The word / phrase…… means / refers to……

②From the passage，we can infer the word…… is closest in meaning to……

③What does the word…… in paragraph……mean?

要做好此类题，第一要熟练掌握大纲单词，积累生词和短语。第二，要把词放到句子里，把句子放在句群里去理解。第三，注意词、句的位置，确定结构关系。第四，要善于利用连词、代词及词性、同义词法、反义词法等进行判断选择。

2024广东中考真题

The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of chickens. Hopefully, this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising, a big industry in many countries. Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identifychickens' feelings. This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.

What does the underlined word "identify" mean in Paragraph 4?

A.Control B. Hide C.Recognize D. Hurt

笞案：C

解祈：词意猜测题。根据“Some seientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify

chickens’feelings.”"可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以……鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。联系前文可知,

是为了识别鸡的情感，故选C。

03 细节理解题

细节理解题可直接从文章中去寻找答案，经常考察的有时间、地点、方式、过程、解决、人物之间的关系，词汇句子的含义等。设题方式相对单一，主要是针对某些容易混淆的细节进行提问，难度较小。

考察的题目类型主要包括：

① 是非判断

Which of the following statements is （Not）True?

② 特殊疑问词提问

What/who/when/where/how/why…?

③排序题类型

Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?

解答此类题目首先是要找出题目和选项中的关键字，一般为数字、人名或地名，再通过跳读快速定位信息的出处，通过比对关键信息与选项，抉择出答案。

出题者常用改动细微处，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，替换观点等来迷惑考生，在答题时要多注意句子的非主干成分如定语、状语、补语等。

2024杭州中考真题

It's known that reading is good for us. lt can be educational,and, as some say, it can open the mind. A good novel can make us happy or sad, or make us cry as we feel pity for the characters. The power of books was realized a few years ago by the British Charity Reading Agency (BCRA), who came out a list of books that doctors could offer to patients, dealing with difierent diseases. It called this "bibliography (参考文献)" and it's become so successful that it's about to be used for educating children as well.

Who may have benefited (受益) fom the books of the BCRA?



A.Doctors B.Patients C.Nurses D. Vsitors

笞案：B

解祈：细节理解题。根据“The power of books was realized a few years ago by the British Charity

Reading Agency (BCRA)...that doctors could ofier to patients, dealing with diferent diseases.”可知，英国慈善阅读机构推荐的书是提供给病人应对不同疾病的，所以病人受益。故选B。

04 逻辑推理题

逻辑推理题为重点题型，一般占到阅读理解题的 30% 左右，着重考察学生的逻辑判断、归纳概括等能力。这类题型要求考生纵观全文，在对全文有把握的基础上进行正确的逻辑推理，判断事件的前因后果，人物的性格和动机等。

解答此类题型要注意两点：一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文章没有的信息不能跳出原文做判断，在此基础上结合文章的细节做出判断即可。

此外，除非文章中作者的观点比较绝对，否则选项中出现绝对化的形容词如none、must、only、never、all，要立即排除。

2024北京中考真题

Research results like these suggest that people's life experience decides how well they find their way. In fact, experienee may even explain a popular belief that men are more likely to perform better than women. lt turns out that this difference is more a question of culture and experience than of in born ability, Northern Europeans, for example, show almost no gender (性别)difference in navigation. However, men do much better than women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment on their own.

That finding is also supported by studies on the Tsimane, a community living in a forest in South America. Researchers put GPS units on 305 Tsimane people to check their daily movements over a three-day period, and found no difference between men and women in navigational ability.Even children performed very well-a result, researchers think, of growing up in an environment that encourages children to explore the forest.

According to the passage, who is probably the best at finding their way?

A. A woman who ofen explores nature.

B. A girl who studies South American culture.

C. A man who runs on a sports ground every morning.

D. A boy who lives in a city with an orderly street network.

笞案：A

解祈：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Research results like these suggest that people's life

cxpericnce decides how well they find their way."可知,人们的生活经历决定了他们在认路方面

的表现，结合最后一段最后一句“Even children performed very well-aresult,researchers think of growing up in an environment that encourages children to explore the forest.”可知，A选项”

个经常探索自然的女性”最为符合。故选A。

05 代词指代题

代词指代题要求考生根据一定的语境推测代词所指代的内容。常考的标志词有:it、that、this、one、these、those等。

解这类题时，同学们可以根据语境在代词所在句或上文中寻找代词所指代的名词、名词性短语或句子，然后将其替换至代词所在的句子中，看句意是否符合上下文逻辑、语法是否正确。

2024宁夏中考真题

Recycling is good for the environment. It can also do good to a community in surprising ways. Brian, a 15-year-old boy, knows this well. In 2020, he started a community recycling program to offer help to football clubs in his hometown, Wyr e . It now has 3, 000 participants (参与者) .

What does the underlined word “It ” in Paragraph 1 refer to ?

A. The environment.

B. Brian’s hometown.

C. The football club.

D. The recycling program.

笞案：D

解祈：代词指代题。根据“'In 2020, he started a community recyeling program to ofer help to football clubs in his

hometown, Wyre. It now has 3.000 participants”可知，“社区回收项目”已经有 3000 名参与者，故选 D

学习解题技巧后，老师可以引导学生在翼课网上进行练习，让学生在实践中逐步掌握并熟练运用这些解题方法。

【翼课网】—【智能题库】—【按题型出题】板块分为听力和笔试两个部分，每个部分都涵盖了多种题型。