In 1620, about half of what is now the continental United States was inhabited by various Indigenous peoples. The other half was primarily wilderness, including vast forests, prairies, and mountain ranges.

The eastern part of the continent was more densely populated due to the presence of several major Indigenous civilizations and communities. Areas such as the Northeast (occupied by tribes like the Wampanoag, Narragansett, and Pequot) and the Southeast (home to the Cherokee, Creek, and Powhatan Confederacy, among others) had established villages, agricultural lands, and trade networks.

To the west, there were fewer European settlers, and much of the land was wild and unexplored by Europeans. The central part of the continent included areas that would later become the Great Plains, which were home to nomadic tribes like the Lakota and Pawnee.

The western regions, including the Pacific Northwest and California, were also inhabited by numerous Indigenous groups, but these areas saw less interaction with European settlers at this time.

So, in summary, while Indigenous populations lived across much of the land that would eventually become the United States, significant portions remained largely untouched wilderness in 1620.